https://medicalxpress.com/research-news/ en-us The latest news on medicine research, health research, medicine, health and medical science. Researchers at National Jewish Health and colleagues have completed the first study comparing lung macrophages in multiple models of lung injury. The research indicates that macrophages previously described as "pro-fibrotic" are insufficient to cause fibrosis on their own, opening the door to research that can help advance the understanding of how macrophage programming can help or hinder lung repair. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-reveals-macrophages-misunderstood-role-lung.html Medical research Fri, 27 Dec 2024 05:31:22 EST news654499877 Salt, or more precisely the sodium it contains, is very much a "Goldilocks" nutrient. Low sodium levels cause a drop in blood volume, which can have serious, sometimes deadly, health consequences. Conversely, too much salt can lead to high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-salt-behavior-specific-brain-neurons.html Medical research Sat, 21 Dec 2024 09:46:46 EST news653996797 Bone is a highly vascularized tissue, and the link between angiogenesis -blood vessel formation- and bone healing has long been discussed by the scientific community, with several studies describing the impairment of bone healing because of lack of or diminished angiogenesis. Traditional approaches like grafting often result in complications due to an inadequate vascular supply to implants, leading to poor integration and necrotic tissue. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-3d-bioprinted-scaffolds-bone-vascularization.html Medical research Fri, 20 Dec 2024 11:48:03 EST news653917681 In the first study of its kind, research led by Canada's Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) sheds light on the ethical complexities and systemic barriers facing scientists conducting cannabis research funded by the for-profit cannabis industry. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-highlights-ethical-cannabis-canada.html Medical research Thu, 19 Dec 2024 15:54:31 EST news653846066 Inflammation is a biological process through which our body tries to respond to harmful stimuli, through the direct action of the immune system, enzymes and inflammatory mediators. Inflammation of the skin is usually characterized by redness, swelling, itching and often a rash, common in the different types of dermatitis, inflammatory acne and rosacea, that affect millions of people around the world. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-marine-cyanobacteria-anti-inflammatory-molecules.html Medical research Thu, 19 Dec 2024 14:20:01 EST news653838112 Nonpharmacological treatments in Chinese medicine (NPTCM), including acupuncture, cupping, moxibustion, and Tuina, have gained global recognition for their efficacy in various health conditions. However, the reporting quality of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on these interventions has been suboptimal, with many lacking sufficient descriptions of interventions, blinding details, and exhibiting significant interstudy heterogeneity. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-suboptimal-trials-nonpharmacological-therapies-chinese.html Medical research Thu, 19 Dec 2024 11:35:03 EST news653830502 A multi-institutional team from China and the U.S. has identified a molecule that may play a role in slowing the aging process in some animals consuming a restricted diet. The team has published two papers on their work in the journal Nature. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-reveals-molecule-aging-restricted-diet.html Medical research Thu, 19 Dec 2024 10:09:57 EST news653825392 Antibodies can improve the rehabilitation of people with acute spinal cord injury. Researchers at 13 clinics in Germany, Switzerland, the Czech Republic and Spain have investigated this with promising results. For the first time, it was possible to identify patient groups that displayed a clinically relevant treatment effect. A follow-up study will start in December 2024. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-antibody-motor-function-spinal-cord.html Medical research Thu, 19 Dec 2024 09:14:04 EST news653822041 Houston Methodist researchers have discovered that certain components of so-called "good" cholesterol—high-density lipoproteins (HDL)—may be associated with an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-discovery-good-cholesterol.html Medical research Thu, 19 Dec 2024 08:22:04 EST news653818922 A research team has developed a new method for encapsulating probiotics. They used nanoparticles formed by antisolvent precipitation to protect the probiotics, and tested the probiotics in lab simulations and animal experiments to confirm their effectiveness. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-probiotics-armor-boost-gut-health.html Medical research Wed, 18 Dec 2024 17:24:03 EST news653765042 New research by a team of Indiana University School of Medicine scientists and their collaborators has uncovered a novel vulnerability in prostate cancer animal models that starves prostate tumors of critical nutrients and stunts their growth, which could lead to the development of new treatments for the deadly disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-starve-prostate-cancer-tumors-cellular.html Medical research Wed, 18 Dec 2024 17:04:56 EST news653763885 Structural Genomics Consortium researchers at The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital) of McGill University, in collaboration with scientists from 11 major antibody manufacturers representing approximately 80% of global renewable antibody production, have developed and standardized an Open Science platform to characterize research antibodies. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-team-solution.html Medical research Wed, 18 Dec 2024 15:47:09 EST news653759225 Malaria, caused by a parasite transmitted to humans through an infected mosquito's bite, is a leading cause of illness and death worldwide. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-drug-resistant-malaria-weak-cholesterol.html Medical research Wed, 18 Dec 2024 14:00:01 EST news653743623 A report in the journal Anatomical Sciences Education outlines best practices and standards for human body donation programs across the United States, which accept whole body donations after death for research and education. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-experts-issue-ethical-standards-body.html Medical research Wed, 18 Dec 2024 03:10:06 EST news653646241 A major breakthrough in our understanding of pain has been revealed in a collaborative study led by a Leeds scientist, opening the door to new ways of tackling long term pain without harmful and addictive opioids. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-chronic-pain-opioids-natural-benzos.html Medical research Tue, 17 Dec 2024 16:22:05 EST news653674922 When doctors and nurses pass patient information from one shift to another—an exchange known as a "handoff"—the specific words they use behind closed doors matter more than they might realize. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-biased-language-clinical-handoffs-negatively.html Medical research Tue, 17 Dec 2024 11:00:01 EST news653649721 The decades-old anesthetic ketamine could be a game changer for treating severe depression, but there are still many questions about how the drug works, including exactly how it affects the brain's cells and circuits. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-discouraged-zebrafish-reveal-ketamine-brain.html Medical research Tue, 17 Dec 2024 11:00:01 EST news653561502 New research from RCSI University of Medicine and Health Sciences has explained how the body's internal clock influences the inflammatory process of the immune system. The findings describe how immune cells, called macrophages, work differently at various times of the day and could pave the way for time-targeted treatments for inflammatory diseases such as arthritis. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-reveals-body-clock-inflammation.html Medical research Tue, 17 Dec 2024 10:22:43 EST news653653358 Giving inexperienced clinicians a quick coaching session with an expert just before they carry out a procedure boosts their success rate and could improve patient safety, finds a study in the Christmas issue of The BMJ. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-trainees-procedure-patient-safety.html Medical research Mon, 16 Dec 2024 18:30:01 EST news653564649 High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) is noninferior to noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for endotracheal intubation or death within seven days for most patients with acute respiratory failure, according to a study published online Dec. 10 in the Journal of the American Medical Association to coincide with the Critical Care Reviews Down Under meeting, held from Dec. 10 to 11 in Melbourne, Australia. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-high-nasal-oxygen-noninferior-noninvasive.html Medical research Mon, 16 Dec 2024 16:10:01 EST news653587046 Danielle A. Wallace, MPH, Ph.D., from the Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders in the Department of Medicine at Brigham and Women's Hospital, is the corresponding author of a new study in npj Biological Timing and Sleep, titled "Light Exposure Differs by Sex in the U.S., with Females Receiving Less Bright Light." In this interview, she discusses her research. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-qa-males-approximately-bright-females.html Medical research Mon, 16 Dec 2024 15:52:59 EST news653586775 Cancer is one of the most formidable health challenges of our time, affecting nearly half of us during our lives. While treatments have significantly improved in recent decades, the biggest challenge remains: stopping cancer cells from spreading to other parts of the body, a process known as metastasis. Metastasis is responsible for most cancer-related deaths, therefore it is critical to understand the process in order to be able to improve treatment. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-secrets-metastasis-cancer-cells-ability.html Medical research Mon, 16 Dec 2024 08:48:03 EST news653561282 Intermittent fasting has proven benefits for metabolic health, but a new study shows that it could slow hair growth—at least in mice. Researchers report December 13 in the journal Cell that mice subjected to intermittent fasting regimes showed improved metabolic health but slower hair regeneration compared to mice with 24/7 access to food. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-unexpected-side-effect-intermittent-fasting.html Medical research Fri, 13 Dec 2024 13:09:04 EST news653317741 Lengthening life by eliminating old, inflammatory cells is a tantalizing idea, but anti-aging researchers suspect it's oversimplified. Now, University of Connecticut researchers confirm in an article published in the Nov. 13 issue of Nature Aging that aged, inflammatory cells are diverse, and some play important roles in the body. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-aging-cells-wounds-distinguish.html Medical research Fri, 13 Dec 2024 12:47:03 EST news653316421 A team at the Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) has developed a comprehensive set of innovative genetic tools and mouse lines, called iFlpMosaics, designed to enhance the study of gene function and its implications in health and disease. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-genetic-toolkit-mouse-gene-function.html Medical research Fri, 13 Dec 2024 05:00:02 EST news653219112 Not only are they the smallest among us, but premature children also face health and life challenges that make them the most vulnerable. Generally speaking, they have a slightly higher risk of mortality due to illness. It is now apparent that they also have a higher risk of unexpected death from so-called external causes: road traffic accidents, substance abuse and suicide. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-women-born-prematurely-greater-suicide.html Medical research Thu, 12 Dec 2024 15:05:48 EST news653238344 In recent years, researchers studying multiple sclerosis have concluded that white matter lesion volume in the brain, long considered the best way to monitor MS disease progression, may not be the most accurate predictor of how an individual's disease will progress. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-reveal-evolution-paramagnetic-rim-lesions.html Medical research Thu, 12 Dec 2024 13:15:59 EST news653231754 Feeding female fruit flies a diet low in the amino acid tyrosine improves their ability to endure food shortage, reduces their reproductive output, and causes them to live longer, RIKEN researchers have found. The findings, published in the journal Science Advances, could have implications for how diet affects human longevity and reproduction. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-limiting-intake-essential-amino-acid.html Medical research Thu, 12 Dec 2024 12:14:04 EST news653228042 Tiny implantable sensors are helping University of Oregon researchers optimize the process of recovery from severe bone injuries. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-tiny-sensors-faster-bone-injury.html Medical research Thu, 12 Dec 2024 07:20:01 EST news653210393 For patients undergoing liver resection, hypovolemic phlebotomy reduces perioperative red blood cell transfusions compared with usual care, according to a study published online Dec. 9 in The Lancet Gastroenterology and Hepatology. https://medicalxpress.com/news/2024-12-hypovolemic-phlebotomy-beneficial-liver-resection.html Medical research Wed, 11 Dec 2024 12:33:46 EST news653142823